How News Is Presented?
News today is converged and dispersed across a range of platforms and with a huge range of sources/producers, including audiences who share the news and alter its meaning by adding their own hyperlinks and comments.
News values are general guidelines or criteria used by media outlets, such as newspapers or broadcast media, to determine how much prominence to give to a story.
Convergence - refers to the crossing over/ coming together of platforms and devices in media.
The "Other" - that a person is presented as a different from others. Non-white people in the media are often different defined according to what makes them different from the white majority. These values are usually negative.
Galtung and Ruge (1981) - these theorists argued that news is structured according to unspoken values , rather discovered. These are the key terms:
Unspoken Rules - that journalists follow when selecting and constructing the news
Frequency - this value is to do with the time scale of events perceived to be 'newsworthy'
Threshold - this is the size of the event that is needed to be considered newsworthy. Events that happen to celebrity or an unusually violent event.
Proximity - this value is to do with how close to home a story is. More stories that happen within your local areas and region which are more publicised and are the main focuses since these stories are close to your 'home'. the local news is more westernised to be focused on, on the basis of social class.
Negativity - if its news, its generally bad news. no matter how positive the outcome is the catastrophe will weigh out more.
Predictability - although the key convention of news is to present events as surprising, actually a lot of these are predictable.
Continuity and narrative - news involves story-telling just like fiction, and it is convenient for journalists to cover stories which are likely to continue over a period of time, which new events unfolding. Binary opposite (Levi-Strauss) will be favoured to help to the audience to understand quite complex stories.
Composition - newspapers need to be balanced out, and if the editor feels that there is a disproportionate type of one news. Front covers may be composed to encourage the reader to make (often incorrect/ manipulative) connection between unlinked stories.
Personalisation - events are often personalised to give them a human interest angle.
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